BFSI insights

What Matters in Data for DPO?

Published 7 Nov 2025 · arXiv · Yu Pan
arXiv preview

Overview

The paper investigates the impact of preference data distribution on Direct Preference Optimization (DPO) for aligning large language models (LLMs) with human preferences. It highlights the importance of the quality of chosen responses over rejected ones.

Key Insights

  • Quality of Chosen Responses: Dominates DPO performance. Improving these responses enhances model alignment.
    • Evidence: Theoretical and empirical analysis shows chosen responses are crucial.
    • Verifiable: Yes, through experiments and theoretical models.
  • Rejected Responses: Have limited impact on DPO performance.
    • Evidence: Empirical studies confirm lesser influence.
    • Verifiable: Yes, through experimental data.

BFSI Relevance

  • Why Relevant: Aligning AI models with human preferences is crucial for customer-facing applications in BFSI.
  • Primary Sector: Financial Services
  • Subsectors: Customer Service, AI Model Development
  • Actionable Implications:
    • Focus on improving the quality of chosen responses in AI models.
    • Use insights to refine customer interaction models.
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